30.8.10

RICARDO MONTANER, “CASTILLO AZUL”

19th December, 1992


Ricardo Montaner made his first appearance in this travelogue with a power ballad of the Michael Bolton stripe; if this song's glassy, glossy keys and muscial-theater lift recalls instead Peabo Bryson & Regina Belle, that's surely not unintentional. Montaner sang the Peabo part in the Spanish-language version of Aladdin's "A Whole New World," "Un Mundo Ideal" with duet partner Michelle.

But this song sounds more like something out of (or inspired by) 1991's Beauty And The Beast. "Castillo Azul" literally means "blue castle," and the lyrics could be sung by a not-for-kids version of the Beast (or perhaps that other fairy-tale icon, Bluebeard) showing his new bride around the place. Not-for-kids because he goes adult very quickly; halfway through the first verse they're stripping off their clothes and by the lead-in to the chorus he's singing wistfully of "el momento pleno de hacernos sexo, a orillas del mesón." ("The fullness of the time we had sex in every corner of the place.") The imagery, in fact, is gorgeous, even intoxicating; a full translation would be a beautiful sample of erotic poetry, and is beyond my powers.

But of course little of that transcendent rush is conveyed in the music: formally, this is another bland, vacantly crescendoing ballad with almost no compensations for someone who doesn't understand the language. (Almost: the orgasmic rise and subtle funk guitar on the brief middle eight have their low-key pleasures.) And so we close out 1992 on a faintly disappointing note; so far it's the year I've liked the best as a whole — largely if not entirely thanks to Jon Secada — but there's more and better still awaiting us in the future.

26.8.10

DANIELA ROMO, “PARA QUE TE QUEDES CONMIGO”

12th December, 1992


Daniela Romo has appeared twice before in this tale (and if my spreadsheet is accurate she won't appear again), the first time as a powerfully-lunged singer of that most tricky of ballad forms, the telenovela theme song, and the second as a breezy dancey salsa diva. It might be too reductive to claim that last part of the trilogy finds a middle ground between the two — it's definitely more of an uptempo swing than a dramatic recitative — but while there's undoubtedly an island groove to the song, its tempo is more stately than hip-shaking. Even the ska rhythm under the chorus is taken at a pace too slow to skank to.

I like it a lot, not only because any uptempo track is better than another goddamn ballad (although I've even been liking the ballads lately too), but because it's the kind of thing I was expecting to hear a lot more of when I initially began this project. My exposure to Latin Pop, like a lot of clueless white Americans', has been limited mostly to party situations, when of course uptempo dance songs are pretty much necessary, and so the swooning (and often cheesy) romanticism of the slower, for-individual-listening songs has represented both a surprise and a kind of frustration. Though of course a glance at the contemporary Hot 100 chart shows just as many drippy adult-contempo ballads in the top spot there — which makes me wonder if the relatively high-energy state of postmillennial pop is the real outlier.

Anyway, none of this has much to do with Daniela Romo, whose strong voice and penchant for slightly gaudy melodicism has been one of the most enjoyable things about this journey so far. "Para Que Te Quedes Conmigo" is a slightly old-fashioned song about all the things she will do to get her lover to stay with her, and can be read as either super-romantic or kind of comic, depending on your preference (me, I'm sticking with comedy every time). But the lyrics don't matter as much as the punchy horns and the way her voice punches through just as clearly over a flat-footed rock beat that breaks into a lazy island half-step on the chorus.

23.8.10

JON SECADA, “ÁNGEL”

31st October, 1992


I couldn't say with any certainty whether there's a thin line between love and hate — none of my relationships have ever risen to that extreme pitch of emotion — but surely everyone who listens to music is aware of the thin line between enjoyment and disgust.

When I was young, I listened to this song freely, even carelessly, glorying in it as I gloried in all new gifts which rained down from heaven in those magical early teens, when all of experience seemed to be opening to me, flower after flower, petal after petal. All the music on the radio was new, bewitching, even in some sense illicit and all the more alluring for it. This was no different from any other — an opportunity to learn, to work out what this music was for, who it was for, how it worked. Like "November Rain" or "(Everything I Do) I Do It For You" or "I Will Always Love You," it was a dramatic ballad with dynamics that demanded fight-or-die scenarios, aligned with the basic grammar of action movies in which the hero got the girl because he was tougher, more loyal, more willing to sacrifice himself than the other guy.

But I soon learned to disdain the simplicities of these ballads for more problematic, ironized, and abstracted narratives. Alternative rock was an important, if confused social signifier at my high school — it would be many years before I learned that 4 Non Blondes' "What's Up" and the Spin Doctors' "Two Princes" were not widely considered part of rock's avant-garde in 1993 — and ballads, with their dramatic sweep and brimming emotional heft, were for girls and old people. Boys listened for the most unpleasant noise they could find and latched onto it.

But I maintained my omnivorous radio diet, though as it were in secret. The tapes I made off the radio had Bon Jovi cheek by jowl with Ace Of Base and Madonna and the Eagles and this very odd, impossibly shiny song which it would take me until the Internet to learn was Boston's "More Than A Feeling" (Guatemalan English-language radio was let us say unpredictable). Jon Secada's "Angel" (not "Ángel"; we'll get into the difference) was on one of these tapes, a serendipitous play several years after its first flush of success, and I internalized it alongside R.E.M., Take That, Toad The Wet Sprocket, and Yaki-Da as I mowed the half-acre backyard lawn wearing cheap Walkman headphones.

My memories of how I felt about it are as jumbled and confused as most memories of those hormonal times are. I remember singing along, trying to hit the high notes at the climax -- I remember shuddering in disgust and changing the station, fast-forwarding the tape, making up a narrative in my head about Jon Secada being totally creepy because he sang these slow romantic ballads, like couldn't girls tell he was only trying to get into their pants? I remember that it played one afternoon when I hung laundry in the backyard while the twenty-something woman who worked as a maid in the house watched, and later when I went up to write on the computer she followed me and tried to kiss me. Maybe I stopped liking it after that. Or maybe it was a different song that was playing then and my memory's confused.

Today it sounds so utterly familiar, so deeply ingrained in me, that I can't possibly hear it outside of all that loose, jumbled history. Except I knew the English-language version; the Spanish-language version isn't different in sentiment (again the translation is nearly exact), but the rhythms of its lines are different enough that my attempts to sing along in my head are constantly thrown off. But the dynamics — the gently funky rhythm underlying it all, a dreamy r&b memory of salsa, the gorgeous sweep into electric intensity, and the final release of Secada's screaming falsetto — are the same.

It's not the kind of song I would generally ever think to call a favorite, or representative of its era, or even necessarily particularly good; but when it came to an end I hit play again. Not because I had to write about it, but because I wanted to hear it again. That hardly ever happens.

19.8.10

CHAYANNE, “EL CENTRO DE MI CORAZÓN”

17th October, 1992


We've heard dispatches from Chayanne twice before, but this is the first time in which, for my money, he sounds like the globe-straddling pop star his single name and my vague awareness of modern Latin Pop over the last few decades would suggest. (Meaning his Greatest Hits are always in the Latin section of the local Wal-Mart or wherever.) (And in case you were wondering, his name is pronounced Shy Ann, though the last syllable varies considerably depending on where the DJ is from.)

The production is sharp and dynamic, as glossy and spirited as a Foreigner power ballad from 1982 — which, lest you misunderstand me, is not a complaint. We are well into the 90s by now, as the crisp, live-sounding drums attest, and the use of electric guitar, as a sort of emphasizer to symphonic bombast, begins to see a way out of the rock/not-rock dichotomy which has sort of hung over my understanding of non-dance Latin Pop over the course of this exercise.

Chayanne himself is almost the least interesting thing about the song, his thin voice just another instrument to convey the build and crash of the melody, a delivery system for lyrics about how dizzying love is. Although if his voice carried more authority — if he was Luis Miguel, in other words — it might be more difficult to take the bit where he suggests that she's planned it all out, and he's only the passive recipient of her seductive embraces. Chayanne, however, sounds just weak-minded enough for it all to sound plausible, and not even necessarily a bad thing. Some guys need to be pulled into love.

16.8.10

ANA GABRIEL, “EVIDENCIAS”

8th August, 1992


After the first few seconds of this song washed over me, I started writing this entry in my head. "Of course, just because Jon Secada felt like a level-up doesn't mean that the lands and seas have changed. Pop never develops in a straight line, and it's neither retrograde nor particularly surprising that the next song after the most modern-sounding one we've had to date sounds like it could have been recorded in 1985."

And if you've listened further than the first couple of verses, you should be laughing at that, because it's not the straightforward lovesick ballad it starts out being. Which doesn't mean it's ever entirely surprising — except during the middle eight, where we suddenly break into a funky tropical rhythm and some bluesy guitar licks — but once Gabriel gets revved up the song is a march, not a ballad, too uptempo even to be a power ballad. In the general shape of its chord structure, it recalls the AM pop of the 70s, and Gabriel's distinctive voice over that inevitably draws comparison to what Janis Joplin might have recorded in 1977 or 78, had she lived and gone on to work with Lindsey Buckingham or Richard Carpenter.

But of course this is 1992, and if the alternative explosion is felt at all at these highest reaches of Latin Pop, it is in the freedom to extend and play with song structure rather more than has been done before. The lyric is still highly traditional — she opens by saying "If I say I don't want to love you any more/It's because I love you" — but Ana Gabriel, no stranger to bucking pop convention, will throw royal fanfares, boogie-woogie piano, rumba timbales, and blues-rock power chords into her souped-up triumphal march of admitting defeat, and given her commercial track record, nobody will tell her differently.

12.8.10

JON SECADA, “OTRO DÍA MÁS SIN VERTE”

4th July, 1992


The beat drops, a beat coiled and springy like new jack swing, cool and dusty like trip-hop, and we have arrived. This is Modern Music (mk. 1992), as up-to-the-minute and of-its-time as music ever is, and we have entered a new phase in our journey, almost audibly leveling up (as they say in gaming) into a world where the rules of combat and cheat codes are slightly different even if the basic contour maps remain the same.

And another entry in my increasingly-specific list of firsts is born: this song marks the first time I knew and liked a song on this list at the time, and listened to the radio specifically for it, and knew the words and sometimes sang along if I was sure no one was around to hear. I lived in Guatemala, but it was the English-language version I knew best; though I knew "Otro Día Más" well enough to run the two side-by-side in my head and compare the translation. Secada's bilingual songs, by the way, were as precisely accurate in translation as I've ever seen; unlike Gloria Estefan, he stayed on-message regardless of language.

And here also is where I run up against one of the first barriers of memory and experience between myself and my possible? potential? anyone-out-there? readers. Because I know "Just Another Day (Without You)"/"Otro Día Más Sin Verte" as one of the big, all-encompassing, signature hits of the early 1990s; maybe not quite in the league of "Everything I Do (I Do It For You)" or "Losing My Religion," but also not far behind. But I have no idea whether English-language listeners, whether they were there for the early 90s or not, have similar associations with the song. Was Secada confined to the Latin Pop ghetto, or did he cross over? Was he stuck in adult-contemporary purgatory, or did people dance when they heard him? There's only so much that Wikipedia can tell you.

I don't know. But in the context of this list, this travelogue as I've been calling it with rueful hyperbole, it's a sea change. Secada most definitely does not sound like Luis Miguel or Julio Iglesias or Juan Gabriel, the three biggest male stars we've had up to this point — he sounds not Spanish or Mexican, but American, which is to say black. (Well, he sounds Cuban, which is what his parents were; but if you know your ethnographic history, that's just another way of saying black.) The laid-back club beat, the soulful, extemporaneous voice which rides it comfortably, the way he sings in the back of his throat like an r&b singer instead of clear and from his chest like a ballad crooner — after the last sixty entries, it's like hearing Sam Cooke when all your life you've known nothing but Perry Como.

I don't want to oversell this; it's obviously still a very conventional adult-contemporary ballad, perhaps not all that different from what Michael Bolton and Bryan Adams and Rod Stewart were peddling around the same time, but the springy beat and the Cuban floridity of expression hold it in good stead. I can't possibly be objective about it, and I don't want to be; it's one of the signature songs of my youth, and even if I haven't heard it for fifteen years I still know its every detail with the intimacy of early love.

9.8.10

PANDORA, “DESDE EL DÍA QUE TE FUISTE”

27th June, 1992


Even the opening synth chord is familiar, and as the first voice takes up the stately melody we all know exactly where this is headed. They do nothing surprising with it, unless those Big Guitars on the chorus count.

But on the other hand — hey, there was a Spanish-language cover of "Without You" that hit the top of the Latin Pop chart in 1992! And it's pretty good! Not as good as the Harry Nilsson version, of course, or the Badfinger original, but better than the Mariah Carey version which would define overwrought balladry for a generation two years later. Then again, it was never the best of Nilsson's or Badfinger's songs either, says the man who's still grumpy about all those ballads in a row in 1990 and 1991. (The Spanish-language lyrics are only slightly changed from the English original to fit scansion; the sentiment of death being preferable to romantic loss is very much the same.)

Pandora marks our first encounter with that evergreen pop configuration, the girl group, which will never be entirely as common in Latin Pop as it is in Anglophone pop, particularly r&b. But the early 90s was a fertile moment in girl groups, if overshadowed by the Spice Girls and Destiny's Childs of the late 90s: En Vogue, SWV, Jade, and the early TLC had made the airwaves safe for harmonies that ranged from sweet to powerful. Pandora was mostly the later, a full-frontal attack of harmony on the chorus that makes me think of Wilson Phillips (speaking of girl groups) and the gospel group First Call. A quick glance at the list suggests that neither girl groups nor boy bands will have much part in the story this particular chart journey will tell; if Latin Pop is one of the more conservative pop genres, it may be because the traditional focus on a single singer is one of its traditional strengths.

5.8.10

JOSÉ LUIS RODRÍGUEZ & JULIO IGLESIAS, “TORERO”

13th June, 1992


Here in the summer of 1992, the charts have at long last entered something of a groove, with song after song that interest and enthuse me, whether I actually like them or not. The opening bars to "Torero" are the kind of thing that will always put a smile on my face, flamenco flourishes over bolero rhythms, and José Luis Rodríguez being pushed by proximity to living legend Julio Iglesias to deliver a performance infused with the kind of graceful, assured masculinity that I'd bottle and spray on myself before going out if 'twere possible.

Masculinity, particularly the myths of masculinity which are very likely all there is to say about it, is very much the subject of this song, and it's worth spending some time thinking about the myths and figures of Latin masculinity in particular. It's no accident that the most extremely, even parodically, masculine figure at large in pop culture today, the guy in the Dos Equis commercials, speaks with a faint Spanish accent; even beyond the "Latin lover" stereotype (which can as easily encompass the gigolo as the bandito), there's a sort of subconscious sense in which Anglo-Americans believe that Latin men, with their machismo and fiery passions and earthy romanticism — I told you we would trade in myths — are naturally better at being men than Anglos, who are left to console themselves only with superior follicle density.

A torero, of course, is a bullfighter, the most masculine of professions according to that most masculinity-obsessed writer, Ernest Hemingway. Rodríguez and Iglesias use the image of the torero as a symbol of masculinity, one that's in danger of being lost and has to be reinforced. But since it's a pop song, sentiment comes first: like a bullfighter, a man must measure the distance to her heart, be brave and unguarded when he goes to steal a kiss, beware of the danger from her black eyes . . . . The metaphor is intrinsically sexist, of course — women aren't animals in need of tricking and taming — but it's a comfortably familiar one, and they sing it so well, that it's easy (at least for male-gendered me) for the space of the song to believe the myths and aspire to the tender, lordly masculinity their magical thinking creates.

2.8.10

ÁLVARO TORRES & SELENA, “BUENOS AMIGOS”

6th June, 1992


As I keep saying, I'm learning to hear this stuff as I go along, which means that most of my writeups are more and more inadequate the further away from them I get. I'm bound to miss small, subtle social and cultural cues; but there are big obvious ones that drift past me unnoticed as well. The obvious word missing from the blocks of text when we last had Álvaro Torres before the board (only three hits ago, for crying out loud) was tejano.

Torres was born in El Salvador, and began his career in Guatemala, but by the time he was reaching the top of the Hot Latin charts he was based in the US, participating in Southern Florida's omnivorous Latin Pop machine. He'd had some success duetting with Mexican pop stars like Marisela and Tatiana, so while recording the album that would become his biggest-selling hit, he was paired with another young up-and-coming girl singer out of Texas, who had been doing the local pop circuit since she was thirteen, and was poised to be a breakout star in the Latin Pop community. How big a star, of course, and how quickly snuffed out, no one as yet had any idea.

She sounds, on this first encounter with the uppermost reaches of this chart — her home chart, as it were, the pinnacle of which she will claim a half-dozen more times before all is done — like a young woman who very much wants to be Ana Gabriel. Like Gabriel, she sounds instinctively at home with the woozy ranchera rhythm, with the triumphantly goofy (or goofily triumphant) synth-horn fanfare that introduces and punctuates the duet, with expressing emotion while holding back a steely unreachable self (shades also of Luis Miguel). And like Ana Gabriel, she comfortably and without showboating blows her duet partner out of the water. This is to be Álvaro Torres' last appearance in our travelogue; it's perhaps not his fault that he's so unmemorable in it.